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Definition: the Gender Pay Gap is the systematic (average) difference in wages between men and women who are working.
When discussing the Gender Pay Gap (GPP), it's crucial to distinguish between the non-adjusted GPP and the GPP after it has been corrected for equal work, equal amount of working hours, equal education, and equal experience.

The main reasons for the remaining gap (when corrected for the factors mentioned), are legal, social and economic factors, including discrimination based on gender, the motherhood penalty vs. fatherhood bonus, parental leave, and gender norms.